In the research proposed to the reader’s attention the problem of the participation of the Kharkiv delegation of the Soviet Ukraine in separate negotiations in 1917–1918 in Brest with the participation of the states of the Quadruple Alliance and Bolshevik Russia is focused. On the Basis of the verbatim report, memoirs of the delegates of the peace conference the legal status of representatives of soviet Ukraine was revealed. The comparison of the international and legal position of the UPR of Ukrainian Central Rada was made, which became a full-fledged subject of the negotiation process and delegates from the government of the soviet UPR as an integral part of the Russian bolshevik delegation.